Geotextile, wanda kuma aka sani da geotextile, abu ne na geosynthetic abu mai yuwuwa wanda aka yi da zaruruwan roba ta hanyar naushin allura ko saƙa.Geotextile yana ɗaya daga cikin sabbin kayan geosynthetic.Samfurin da aka gama yana kama da zane, tare da faɗin gabaɗayan mita 4-6 da tsayin mita 50-100.Geotextiles sun kasu kashi-kashi na geotextiles saƙa da filayen geotextiles waɗanda ba saƙa.
Siffofin
1. Ƙarfin ƙarfi, saboda amfani da filaye na filastik, zai iya kula da isasshen ƙarfi da haɓakawa a cikin yanayin rigar da bushewa.
2. Juriya na lalata, juriya na dogon lokaci a cikin ƙasa da ruwa tare da pH daban-daban.
3. Kyawun ruwa mai kyau Akwai tazara tsakanin zaruruwa, don haka yana da kyaun ruwa.
4. Kyau anti-microbial Properties, babu lalacewa ga microorganisms da moths.
5. Ginin ya dace.Saboda kayan yana da haske da taushi, ya dace da sufuri, kwanciya da ginawa.
6. Cikakken ƙayyadaddun bayanai: Faɗin zai iya kaiwa mita 9.Shi ne mafi fadi samfurin a kasar Sin, taro kowane yanki yanki: 100-1000g/m2
1: Warewa
Ana amfani da geotextiles na polyester staple fiber allura mai naushi don kayan gini tare da kaddarorin jiki daban-daban (girman barbashi, rarrabawa, daidaito da yawa, da sauransu).
kayan (kamar ƙasa da yashi, ƙasa da siminti, da sauransu) don keɓewa.Yi abubuwa biyu ko fiye ba su gudu ba, kar a haɗa su, kiyaye kayan
Tsarin gabaɗaya da aikin kayan yana haɓaka ƙarfin ɗaukar tsarin.
2: Tace (baya tacewa)
Lokacin da ruwa ke gudana daga cikin ƙasa mai kyau zuwa cikin ƙasa maras kyau, ana amfani da kyakkyawan iska mai kyau da ruwa na polyester staple fiber fiber geotextile da aka buga don sa ruwan ya gudana.
Ta hanyar, da kuma yadda ya kamata kutse barbashi na ƙasa, yashi mai kyau, ƙananan duwatsu, da sauransu, don kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na injiniyan ƙasa da ruwa.
3: Magudanar ruwa
Polyester staple fiber allura-buga geotextile yana da kyawawan halayen ruwa, yana iya samar da tashoshi na magudanar ruwa a cikin ƙasa,
Ana fitar da sauran ruwa da iskar gas.
4: Karfafawa
Yin amfani da polyester staple fiber fiber allura-buga geotextile don haɓaka ƙarfin juzu'i da ikon hana nakasawa na ƙasa, haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na tsarin gini, da haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na ginin.
Kyakkyawan ingancin ƙasa.
5: Kariya
Lokacin da ruwa ya mamaye ƙasa, yana yaduwa sosai, watsawa ko kuma ya lalata abubuwan da aka tattara, yana hana ƙasa daga lalacewa ta sojojin waje, kuma yana kare ƙasa.
6: Anti huda
Haɗe tare da geomembrane, ya zama abin da ke tattare da ruwa da kayan da ba a iya gani ba, wanda ke taka rawar anti-hudawa.
Ƙarfin daɗaɗɗen ƙarfi, mai kyau mai kyau, ƙarfin iska, juriya mai zafi, juriya mai daskarewa, juriya na tsufa, juriya na lalata, babu cin asu.
Polyester madaidaicin fiber allura mai naushi geotextile abu ne na geosynthetic da ake amfani da shi sosai.An yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin ƙarfafa ƙananan layin dogo da shimfidar hanya
Kula da dakunan wasanni, kare madatsun ruwa, keɓewar tsarin ruwa, ramuka, laka na bakin teku, sake sakewa, kare muhalli da sauran ayyukan.
Siffofin
Nauyin haske, ƙananan farashi, juriya na lalata, kyakkyawan aiki kamar anti-filtration, magudanar ruwa, warewa da ƙarfafawa.
Amfani
Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin tanadin ruwa, wutar lantarki, nawa, babbar hanya da titin jirgin ƙasa da sauran injiniyoyin geotechnical:
l.Tace kayan don rabuwa Layer ƙasa;
2. Kayayyakin magudanar ruwa don sarrafa ma'adinai a cikin tafki da ma'adinai, da kayan magudanar ruwa don ginin gine-gine masu tsayi;
3. Kayayyakin rigakafin zazzaɓi don madatsun ruwa da kariya ga gangara;
4. Karfafa kayan aikin layin dogo, manyan tituna, da titin jirgin sama, da gina hanyoyi a wuraren fadama;
5. Anti-frost da anti-daskare thermal insulation kayan;
6. Anti-fatsawa abu don kwalta pavement.
Aikace-aikacen geotextile a cikin gini
(1) An yi amfani da shi azaman ƙarfafawa a cikin cikar bangon riƙon baya, ko azaman fanni don ɗora bangon riƙon.Gina bangon riƙewa na nannade ko kayan ɗamara.
(2) Ƙarfafa shimfidar shimfidar wuri mai sassauƙa, gyara tsagewar da ke kan hanya, da hana shingen daga nuna tsagewar.
(3) Ƙara kwanciyar hankali na gangaren tsakuwa da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙasa don hana zaizayar ƙasa da daskarewa lalacewar ƙasa a ƙananan zafin jiki.
(4) Keɓewar Layer tsakanin ballast ɗin hanya da ƙasa, ko keɓewar keɓancewar da ke tsakanin ƙasa da ƙasa mai laushi.
(5) Keɓancewar Layer tsakanin cikar wucin gadi, dutsen dutse ko filin abu da tushe, da keɓewa tsakanin nau'ikan permafrost daban-daban.Anti-tacewa da ƙarfafawa.
(6) Tace Layer na saman dam na sama a farkon matakin dam ɗin ajiyar toka ko dam ɗin wutsiya, da kuma tace Layer na magudanar ruwa a cikin bangon bangon baya.
(7) Nau'in tacewa a kusa da magudanar ruwa ko kusa da magudanar ruwan tsakuwa.
(8) Nau'in tacewa na rijiyoyin ruwa, rijiyoyin taimako na matsin lamba ko bututun da ba su dace ba a cikin ayyukan kiyaye ruwa.
(9) Geotextile Layer keɓewa tsakanin hanyoyi, filayen jirgin sama, hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa da dutsen wucin gadi da tushe.
(10) Magudanar ruwa a tsaye ko a kwance a cikin dam ɗin ƙasa, wanda aka binne a cikin ƙasa don watsar da matsewar ruwa.
(11) Magudanar ruwa a bayan geomembrane mai hana gani a cikin madatsun ruwa na ƙasa ko tarkacen ƙasa ko ƙarƙashin murfin kankare.
(12) Kawar da magudanar ruwa a kusa da rami, rage matsa lamba na ruwa na waje a kan rufin da ke kewaye da gine-gine.
(13) Magudanar ruwa na filin wasanni na tushe na wucin gadi.
(14) Ana amfani da hanyoyi (ciki har da hanyoyin wucin gadi), titin jirgin kasa, shingen shinge, madatsun ruwa na dutse, filayen jirgin sama, filayen wasanni da sauran ayyuka don ƙarfafa tushe mai rauni.
Kwanciya na geotextiles
Filament geotextile ginin wurin gini
Geotextile rolls yakamata a kiyaye shi daga lalacewa kafin shigarwa da turawa.Geotextile Rolls ya kamata a jeri a wani wuri da aka daidaita kuma ba tare da tarin ruwa ba, kuma tsayin daka bai kamata ya wuce tsayin juyi huɗu ba, kuma za a iya ganin takardar shaidar nadi.Geotextile rolls dole ne a rufe shi da abu mara kyau don hana tsufa UV.Lokacin ajiya, kiyaye takalmi daidai kuma bayanan su kasance cikakke.Dole ne a kiyaye rolls ɗin geotextile daga lalacewa yayin jigilar kaya (ciki har da jigilar kan layi daga ajiyar kayan aiki zuwa aiki).
Dole ne a gyara rolls ɗin geotextile da suka lalace ta jiki.Ba za a iya amfani da geotextiles da aka sawa sosai ba.Ba a yarda a yi amfani da duk wani nau'in geotextiles da suka yi mu'amala da sinadarai masu yatsa ba a cikin wannan aikin.
Yadda za a shimfiɗa geotextile:
1. Don jujjuyawar hannu, saman yatsa ya kamata ya zama lebur, kuma a tanadi izinin nakasar da ta dace.
2. Shigar da filament ko gajeren filament geotextiles yawanci yana amfani da hanyoyi da yawa na haɗin gwiwa, dinki da walda.Nisa na dinki da walda gabaɗaya ya fi 0.1m, kuma faɗin haɗin gwiwar cinya gabaɗaya ya fi 0.2m.Geotextiles da za a iya fallasa na dogon lokaci ya kamata a yi walda ko dinka.
3. Dinka na geotextile:
Duk dinki dole ne ya ci gaba da kasancewa (misali, ba a yarda da dinki ba).Geotextiles dole ne su zoba aƙalla 150mm kafin su mamaye.Matsakaicin mafi ƙarancin nisa shine aƙalla 25mm daga selvedge (bangaren da aka fallasa na kayan).
Keɓaɓɓen kabu na geotextile a mafi yawan sun haɗa da jeri 1 na sarkar kulle mai waya.Zaren da aka yi amfani da shi don ɗinki ya kamata ya zama kayan guduro tare da ƙaramin tashin hankali da ya wuce 60N, kuma yana da juriya na sinadarai da juriya na ultraviolet daidai ko wuce na geotextiles.
Duk wani “dike da ya ɓace” a cikin ɗinkin geotextile dole ne a sake yin shi a yankin da abin ya shafa.
Dole ne a ɗauki matakan da suka dace don hana ƙasa, ƙaƙƙarfan ƙwayar cuta ko abubuwan waje shiga cikin layin geotextile bayan shigarwa.
Za'a iya raba cinyar tufa zuwa cinyar dabi'a, dinki ko waldi bisa ga ƙasa da aikin amfani.
4. Yayin ginin, geotextile da ke sama da geomembrane yana ɗaukar haɗin gwiwa na cinya na dabi'a, kuma geotextile akan saman saman geomembrane yana ɗaukar ɗinki ko waldawar iska mai zafi.Waldawar iska mai zafi shine hanyar haɗin filament geotextiles da aka fi so, wato, amfani da bindigar iska mai zafi don ɗora haɗin igiyoyi guda biyu nan take zuwa yanayin narkewa, kuma nan da nan a yi amfani da wani ƙarfin waje don tabbatar da haɗin gwiwa tare..Dangane da yanayin rigar (damina da dusar ƙanƙara) inda ba za a iya yin haɗin kai na thermal ba, wata hanya ta geotextiles - hanyar ɗinki, ita ce amfani da na'urar ɗinki ta musamman don ɗinki mai zare biyu, da yin amfani da sinadarai masu jurewa UV.
Mafi ƙarancin nisa shine 10cm yayin ɗinki, 20cm yayin haɗuwa ta dabi'a, da 20cm yayin waldawar iska mai zafi.
5. Don dinki, ya kamata a yi amfani da zaren suture na inganci iri ɗaya kamar geotextile, kuma zaren suture ya kamata a yi shi da wani abu mai ƙarfi da juriya ga lalacewar sinadarai da hasken ultraviolet.
6. Bayan an shimfiɗa geotextile, za a shimfiɗa geomembrane bayan amincewar injiniyan sa ido kan wurin.
7. An shimfiɗa geotextile akan geomembrane kamar yadda yake sama bayan an amince da geomembrane ta Jam'iyyar A da mai kulawa.
8. Lambobin geotextiles na kowane Layer sune TN da BN.
9. Ya kamata a saka yadudduka biyu na geotextile sama da ƙasa da membrane a cikin tsagi mai ɗorewa tare da geomembrane a ɓangaren tare da tsagi.
Abubuwan buƙatu na asali don shimfiɗa geotextiles:
1. Dole ne haɗin gwiwa ya haɗu tare da layin gangara;inda aka daidaita tare da ƙafar gangaren ko kuma inda za'a iya samun damuwa, nisa tsakanin haɗin gwiwar kwance dole ne ya fi 1.5m.
2. Akan gangaren, anga ƙarshen geotextile, sa'an nan kuma sanya coil ɗin a kan gangara don tabbatar da cewa geotextile yana cikin yanayin taut.
3. Duk geotextiles dole ne a danna tare da jakunkuna yashi.Za a yi amfani da jakunkunan yashi yayin lokacin kwanciya kuma za a ajiye su har sai an shimfiɗa saman saman kayan.
Bukatun aiwatar da shimfidar geotextile:
1. Duban tushen ciyawa: Bincika ko matakin tushen ciyawa yana da santsi da ƙarfi.Idan akwai wani al'amari na waje, ya kamata a sarrafa shi yadda ya kamata.
2. Gwaji kwanciya: Ƙayyade girman geotextile bisa ga yanayin rukunin yanar gizon, kuma gwada shimfiɗa shi bayan yanke.Girman yankan ya kamata ya zama daidai.
3. Duba ko fadin salatin ya dace, haɗin gwiwa ya kamata ya zama lebur, kuma matsa lamba ya zama matsakaici.
4. Matsayi: Yi amfani da bindigar iska mai zafi don haɗa sassan da ke haɗuwa na geotextiles biyu, kuma nisa tsakanin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa ya kamata ya dace.
5. Sutures ya zama madaidaiciya kuma ɗigon ya zama daidai lokacin da aka haɗa sassan da ke haɗuwa.
6. Bayan dinki, duba ko geotextile yana kwance kuma ko akwai lahani.
7. Idan akwai wani al'amari mara gamsarwa, sai a gyara shi cikin lokaci.
Duba kai da gyarawa:
a.Duk geotextiles da seams dole ne a duba su.Dole ne a yi maƙasudin guntuwar geotextile da riguna a fili a kan geotextile kuma a gyara su.
b.Dole ne a gyara gyare-gyaren geotextile da aka sawa ta hanyar shimfiɗawa da haɗawa da zafin jiki na ƙananan sassan geotextile, waɗanda suka fi tsayi aƙalla 200mm a duk kwatance fiye da gefen lahani.Dole ne a kula da haɗin wutar lantarki sosai don tabbatar da cewa facin geotextile da geotextile suna daure sosai ba tare da lahani ga geotextile ba.
c.Kafin karshen shimfidar ko wace rana, gudanar da bincike na gani a saman dukkan nau'ikan geotextiles da aka shimfida a ranar don tabbatar da cewa duk wuraren da suka lalace an yi alama kuma an gyara su nan da nan, sannan a tabbatar da cewa shimfidar ta kubuta daga wasu abubuwa na kasashen waje da za su iya. haifar da lalacewa, kamar su allura masu kyau, ƙananan ƙusa na ƙarfe da sauransu.
d.Ya kamata a cika buƙatun fasaha masu zuwa lokacin da geotextile ya lalace kuma ya gyara:
e.Abubuwan facin da ake amfani da su don cika ramuka ko tsagewa yakamata su kasance iri ɗaya da geotextile.
f.Faci ya kamata ya wuce aƙalla 30 cm sama da lalacewar geotextile.
g.A kasan ƙanƙara, idan ƙwanƙwasa geotextile ya wuce 10% na nisa na coil, dole ne a yanke sashin da ya lalace, sannan an haɗa geotextiles biyu;idan tsaga ya wuce 10% na nisa na nada a kan gangara, dole ne a Cire nadi kuma a maye gurbinsa da sabon nadi.
h.Takalmin aikin da kayan aikin ginin da ma'aikatan ginin ke amfani da su bai kamata su lalata geotextile ba, kuma ma'aikatan ginin kada su yi wani abu a kan shimfidar geotextile wanda zai iya lalata geotextile, kamar shan taba ko buga geotextile tare da kayan aiki masu kaifi.
i.Don kare lafiyar kayan aikin geotextile, ya kamata a buɗe fim ɗin marufi kafin a shimfiɗa geotextiles, wato, an shimfiɗa nadi ɗaya kuma an buɗe nadi ɗaya.Kuma duba ingancin bayyanar.
j.Shawara ta musamman: Bayan geotextile ya isa wurin, yarda da tabbatar da biza ya kamata a aiwatar da shi cikin lokaci.
Wajibi ne a aiwatar da "Dokokin Gina Geotextile da Amincewa" na kamfanin.
Kariya don shigarwa da gina geotextiles:
1. Za a iya yanke geotextile kawai da wuka na geotextile (wukar ƙugiya).Idan an yanke shi a cikin filin, dole ne a dauki matakan kariya na musamman don wasu kayan don hana lalacewar da ba dole ba ga geotextile saboda yanke;
2. Lokacin kwanciya geotextiles, dole ne a dauki duk matakan da suka dace don hana lalacewa ga kayan da ke ƙasa;
3. Lokacin kwanciya geotextiles, dole ne a kula da kada a bar duwatsu, ƙura mai yawa ko danshi, da dai sauransu, wanda zai iya lalata geotextiles, na iya toshe magudanar ruwa ko tacewa, ko kuma zai iya haifar da matsala ga haɗin gwiwa na gaba a cikin geotextiles.ko a ƙarƙashin geotextile;
4. Bayan shigarwa, gudanar da bincike na gani a kan dukkan sassan geotextile don sanin duk masu mallakar ƙasa da suka lalace, yi alama da gyara su, da kuma tabbatar da cewa babu wani abu na waje da zai iya haifar da lalacewa a kan shimfidar shimfidar wuri, kamar karyewar allura da sauran abubuwa na waje;
5. Haɗin haɗin geotextiles dole ne ya bi ka'idodi masu zuwa: a ƙarƙashin yanayi na al'ada, kada a sami haɗin kai tsaye a kan gangara (haɗin ba dole ba ne ya haɗa tare da kwane-kwane na gangara), sai dai wurin gyarawa.
6. Idan an yi amfani da suture, dole ne a yi suture daga ɗaya ko fiye da kayan aikin geotextile, kuma suturar dole ne a yi shi da kayan anti-ultraviolet.Ya kamata a sami bambancin launi a bayyane tsakanin suture da geotextile don dubawa mai sauƙi.
7. Kula da hankali na musamman ga dinki a lokacin shigarwa don tabbatar da cewa babu wani datti ko tsakuwa daga murfin tsakuwa ya shiga tsakiyar geotextile.
Lalacewar Geotextile da gyarawa:
1. A wurin mahadar suture, ya zama dole a sake yin sutura da gyarawa, kuma a tabbatar an sake suturar ƙarshen ƙwanƙarar.
2. A duk wuraren, ban da gangaren dutse, dole ne a gyara tsage-tsage ko sassa da aka yayyage a dinke su tare da faci na geotextile na abu iri ɗaya.
3. A kasan ƙanƙara, idan tsayin tsage ya wuce 10% na nisa na coil, dole ne a yanke ɓangaren lalacewa, sa'an nan kuma an haɗa sassan biyu na geotextile.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-22-2022